Olive Lexicon
The olive tree has been cultivated in the Mediterranean for thousands of years and is deeply rooted in the region’s landscapes, culture and culinary traditions. But what makes an exceptional extra virgin olive oil? Which olive varieties are grown in Portugal and around the world? How does an olive tree grow and produce fruit, and how can you recognise the quality, flavour and characteristics of a good olive oil?
The Origem Portugal Olive Encyclopedia is your guide to the fascinating world of olives, olive trees and olive oil. Discover olive varieties, cultivation and harvesting methods, learn how extra virgin olive oil is produced, and explore the factors that shape its flavour, aroma and quality. Clearly explained and continuously expanded, our Olive Encyclopedia brings together practical knowledge and fascinating insights into the history, traditions and diversity of olives and olive oil.
Storage
WHY PROPER STORAGE IS SO IMPORTANT
Extra virgin olive oil is a fresh, natural product. Light, heat, oxygen and time slowly break down its valuable flavours and antioxidants.
With proper storage, you can preserve its taste and quality for months longer.
- Light → destroys polyphenols
- Heat → accelerates ageing
- Oxygen → oxidation
- Time → inevitable maturation
The ideal storage location:
- Dark cupboard or pantry in a cool place – ideally 14–18 °C
- Far away from the hob, oven, dishwasher and windows
The ideal container:
- Dark glass or stainless steel canister
- Airtight seal
- No clear glass bottles for long-term storage
After opening:
- Always reseal immediately
- It is better to buy smaller bottles than large ones if you use little
Refrigerator – yes or no?:
- Possible, but not necessary
- Oil becomes solid and cloudy → this is not a loss of quality but a sign of high quality. It becomes clear again at room temperature
- Better for everyday use: cool, dark cupboard
Sustainability
Traditional olive groves promote biodiversity and protect soils from erosion. Deep roots provide erosion protection. The permanent natural ground cover of native grasses and flowers protects the soil from drying out.
Sustainable groves:
- allow wild herbs to grow
- integrate sheep or goats (natural grazing)
- provide habitat for birds, insects and soil organisms
In most regions of Portugal:
- family groves spanning generations
- local varieties adapted to microclimates
- hand harvesting instead of full mechanisation
- lower yields but higher resilience